198Why Peacekeeping Fails13. A/55/305 and S/2000/809 of August 21, 2000. 14. Crossette, B.n Final Fight,Weary Envoy Counts Ticks on UN Clock,�The New York Times, December 21, 2000 Chapter 1 1. Report of the Secretary General on the UN Observer Mission in Angola (MONUA), S/1999/02, 24 February 1999, paragraph 3. 2. Ibid. 3. Never missing a chance for propaganda even in the midst of tragedy, the government produced a supposed UNITA deserter who claimed UNITA was holding some of the crew members captive.When the UN finally did reach the crash sites, it was clear that no one could have survived. 4. http://www.un.org/Depts/DPKO. 5. Report of the Secretary General on the UN Observer Mission in Angola, S/1999/49, 17 January 1999, paragraph 39. 6. Security Council Resolution 1229 (1999) of 26 February 1999. 7. urrent Peace-keeping Operations�and ompleted Peace-keeping Operations,�prepared by the UN Department of Public Information, April 1997. 8. Rikhye, I. The United Nations and Peacekeeping, New York: St. Martin Press, 1991, pp. 184�97. 9. Gelb, L. uelling the Teacup Wars.�Foreign Affairs, November/December 1994, p. 5. 10. Durch, W. The Evolution of UN Peacekeeping, New York: St. Martin Press, 1993, p. 9. 11. The greater level of cooperation within the Security Council was not limited to peacekeeping but was reflected in other council activities as well. Comparing the years after 1990 to the preceding ones, the number of formal meetings more than tripled, while informal sessions increased by a factor of five.The Council also adopted a far greater number of resolutions each year (an average of 64 between 1990 to 1994 as opposed to 13 annually in the years 1946 to 1989), and its members used their veto power far less (an average of 6 times a year before 1990 but on a total of only 3 occasions between mid-1990 and 1995.) The council also expanded the number of its subsidiary organs from 3 in 1988 to 14 in 1993, of which half were sanctions committees (UNIDIR: anaging Arms in Peace Processes: The Issues,�New York: United Nations, p. 6). 12. Van Creveld, M. The Transformation of War, New York: The Free Press, 1991, p. 60. 13. Fetherston, A. Towards a Theory of United Nations Peacekeeping, New York: St. Martin Press, 1994, p. 21. 14. Goshko, J. egional Conflicts Threaten 42 Million Around World, U.S. Study Finds,�Washington Post, April 5, 1996.
